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Greater Baltimore

Fast Facts:

  • The Greater Baltimore Region was home to 2,834,316 people and had 1,204,586 housing units in 2023. Since 2010, Greater Baltimore Region has added an average of 9,300 people and 5,500 housing units per year.
  • Thirty-three percent of households were renters and 51 percent of renters had unaffordable housing costs.
  • Greater Baltimore built 6,980 units in 2024; an estimated 8,178 units are needed annually to meet future housing demand. Cumulatively, Greater Baltimore has produced at least 15,490 units since 2022.
  • Greater Baltimore includes the cities of Annapolis and Baltimore, and the counties of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, and Queen Anne's in Maryland. The cities of Annapolis and Baltimore, and the counties of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, and Howard share data for the HIT.
Sources: Census Population and Housing Unit Estimates, Decennial Census, American Community Survey (2019-23), and the HIT survey of local jurisdictions.
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Policy Status

Solving the region's affordable housing crisis requires a portfolio of policies to preserve existing affordable housing, produce more housing, and protect people from discrimination and displacement.

Toggle policy descriptions

Right of First Refusal

  • The City of Baltimore
  • Howard County

Preservation Inventory - Subsidized

    Preservation Inventory - Unsubsidized

      Rental Assistance Demonstration

      • The City of Baltimore
      • Anne Arundel County
      • City of Annapolis
      • Howard County

      Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Homeowners

      • The City of Baltimore
      • Baltimore County
      • Howard County

      Energy Efficiency Upgrades of Affordable Housing

      • The City of Baltimore
      • Baltimore County
      • Anne Arundel County
      • Howard County

      Housing Outcomes

      Local jurisdictions submitted data to enable the region to track housing production, preservation, and rental affordability.

      Structural Racism

      Discriminatory actions and racist public policies have produced inequitable outcomes for Black, Indigenous, and people of color in the Washington region, including lower incomes and wealth, lower homeownership rates, and higher rates of housing cost burden.

      Housing Context

      Understanding how household incomes relate to the supply of affordable rental and homeownership units will inform jurisdictions' efforts to meet the current and future housing needs of residents.

      Participating Jurisdictions

      Local jurisdictions submitted data to enable the region to track housing production, preservation, and rental affordability.

      The City of Baltimore
      • Population: 565,239
      • Housing units: 294,380
      • Percent of Households that rent: 52%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 54%
      • Average growth per year: -5,000 people | -200 housing units
      • New units built in 2024: 3,500

      2024 Housing Outcomes

      • Right of First Refusal
      • Preservation Inventory - Subsidized
      • Preservation Inventory - Unsubsidized
      • Rental Assistance Demonstration
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Homeowners
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades of Affordable Housing
      Baltimore County
      • Population: 844,703
      • Housing units: 350,620
      • Percent of Households that rent: 34%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 52%
      • Average growth per year: 3,000 people | 1,100 housing units
      • New units built in 2024: 562

      2024 Housing Outcomes

      • Right of First Refusal
      • Preservation Inventory - Subsidized
      • Preservation Inventory - Unsubsidized
      • Rental Assistance Demonstration
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Homeowners
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades of Affordable Housing
      Anne Arundel County
      • Population: 594,582
      • Housing units: 237,831
      • Percent of Households that rent: 25%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 48%
      • Average growth per year: 4,300 people | 1,900 housing units
      • New units built in 2024: 1,509

      2024 Housing Outcomes

      • Right of First Refusal
      • Preservation Inventory - Subsidized
      • Preservation Inventory - Unsubsidized
      • Rental Assistance Demonstration
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Homeowners
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades of Affordable Housing
      City of Annapolis
      • Population: 40,552
      • Housing units: 19,186
      • Percent of Households that rent: 40%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 46%
      • Average growth per year: 200 people | 100 housing units
      • New units built in 2024: 28

      2024 Housing Outcomes

      • Right of First Refusal
      • Preservation Inventory - Subsidized
      • Preservation Inventory - Unsubsidized
      • Rental Assistance Demonstration
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Homeowners
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades of Affordable Housing
      Howard County
      • Population: 336,001
      • Housing units: 126,187
      • Percent of Households that rent: 28%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 48%
      • Average growth per year: 3,700 people | 1,300 housing units
      • New units built in 2024: 1,381

      2024 Housing Outcomes

      • Right of First Refusal
      • Preservation Inventory - Subsidized
      • Preservation Inventory - Unsubsidized
      • Rental Assistance Demonstration
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Homeowners
      • Energy Efficiency Upgrades of Affordable Housing
      Carroll County
      • Population: 176,639
      • Housing units: 66,748
      • Percent of Households that rent: 16%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 48%
      • Average growth per year: 700 people | 300 housing units
      Harford County
      • Population: 264,644
      • Housing units: 106,419
      • Percent of Households that rent: 20%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 48%
      • Average growth per year: 1,500 people | 800 housing units
      Queen Anne's County
      • Population: 52,508
      • Housing units: 22,401
      • Percent of Households that rent: 19%
      • Percent of renters with unaffordable housing costs: 51%
      • Average growth per year: 400 people | 200 housing units